A recent survey conducted by the national bureau of statistics showed that overall unemployment rate amounted to 19. Youth unemployment in nigeria is due to high population growth, lack of employable. Introduction one of the greatest challenges facing governments and policymakers in africa today is. Causes, effects and solutions to youth unemployment. Youth unemployment, in particular longterm youth unemployment, can generate frustration and low selfesteem, and can lead to increased vulnerability among some young people to drugs, disease and. Paths to a better working future international labour office geneva. The statistic shows the youth unemployment rate in ghana from 1999 and 2019.
This paper discusses the specific barriers that youth face in accessing employment in subsaharan africa, and the ways in which young womens employment is constrained. Economic growth, youth unemployment, and political and social. Youth unemployment has its own unique problems and the programmes and schemes designed to help young people find jobs have inherent advantages and disadvantages. From 2011 to 20 there is an increase of 16% unemployment growth rate in nigeria. Youth empowerment andnational development in nigeria by. The world over, the youth is the locomotive of national development. The majority of nigeria population, the poor people in affluent society, is enmeshed. Youth unemployment remains a barrier to the regions development.
Youth and national development, unemployment and underemployment, national youth policy, social vices, millennium development goals targets and youth bulge. Chris ngige, minister of labour and employment, said this while declaring open a twoday workshop on. The african youth charter and a rightsbased approach in youth employment ntions 16 box 3. Sociopolitical implications of youth unemployment on nigeria. However, the african youth charter recognizes youth as people between 1835. Pdf this paper examines the effects of youth unemployment on socioeconomic development in contemporary nigeria. Economywatch, 2005 report that unemployment in nigeria is one of the. Youth, unemployment and national security in nigeria. Causes, effects and solutions to youth unemployment problems. Youth unemployment is one of the major causes of the civil war in sierra leone and a serious threat to the peace that prevails in the country today. As nigeria s youth population grows, so does its youth unemployment rate, reaching nearly 11. In 2019, the estimated youth unemployment rate in ghana was at. Nigerian youths to enable them contribute to the development of the nation today. A comparative analysis of the population and unemployment structure of three purposively selected and heavily populated countries in three different continents nigeria, china and usa were undertaken.
This paper seeks to explore the relationship between entrepreneurship as a platform toward reducing youth unemployment and the promotion of socioeconomic growth and development in nigeria. Youth empowerment is a process whereby young people gain the ability and authority to make decisions and implement change in their own lives. Sep 23, 2014 the state of youth unemployment in nigeria. A link to national insecurity dr ejikeme jombo nwagwu department of political science, university of nigeria, nsukka abstract. Some of the highest rates on the continent are in southern africa, where 51 percent of young women and 43 percent of young men are unemployed. Unemployment, youth total % of total labor force ages 1524.
Nigerias population is said to have reached about 167 million people in 2012 national bureau of statistics. Published by european centre for research training and development uk. Denting youth unemployment through agriculture africa renewal. Data learn how the world bank group is helping countries with covid19 coronavirus. Youth and economic development in africa an issues paper. Youth unemployment and poverty threatened peace and national security which. The response the vision of the jobs for youth in africa strategy 20162025 is to create 25 million jobs and reach over 50 million africans by driving inclusive growth across the continent and equipping youth to realize their full economic potential. Youth employment interventions in africa 9iii list of boxes box 2. This huge figure implies that the rate of unemployment is really high. However, when they are disempowered usually as a result of. It is also the story of how a country, once riddled by suffering and stagnation, is slowly managing to include marginalized youth in national development and social transformation.
Nigeria is the most populous country in africa with one of. In fact, nigerias youth unemployment situation is particularly serious. Every year, thousands of graduates are produced but there are no jobs for majority of them. Youth in nigeria includes citizens of the federal republic of nigeria aged 1829 years according to the new youth policy. Unescounevoc annotated bibliographies of research and. Also, inspite of the myriad policies and programmes initiated by successive nigerian government such as national economic. And they constitutes all young males and females aged 1835 which are citizens of the federal republic of nigeria national youth policy of nigeria, 2001. Moreover, in nigeria context, the national youth development policy 2001 defines youth as people aged between 18 and 35.
A comparative analysis of the population and unemployment structure of three purposively selected and heavily populated countries in three different continentsnigeria, china and usa were undertaken. Tunji akande examines the factors contributing to its prevalence and policies that. And they constitutes all young males and females aged 1835 which are citizens of the federal republic of nigeria national youth policy. Brief examination of youth unemployment in nigeria youth unemployment across the world has reached a new high and is likely to climb further. The youth population in subsahara africa was estimated at 8 million people in 20022003, with 28. Repositioning technical and vocational education and. Using descriptive analysis drawn majorly from secondary data,the paper established that widespread unemployment and. It is significant because it will look into the cause and effect of youth unemployment in egor local government in south nigeria providing visible solutions to unemployment in that area.
Unemployment rate in nigeria has continued to be on the increase despite the abundant human and natural resources available in the country. The 1990 2000 data on youth unemployment showed that the largest group of the unemployed are the secondary school graduates. Top ten major causes of unemployment in nigeria and solutions nigeria is country blessed with a lot of resources, both natural and human. Cause and effect of youth unemployment in nigeria sociology. Nigeria is the most populous country in africa with one of the largest populations of youth in the world, comprising. Aiyedogbon and ohwofasa2012 for example investigate the relationship between poverty and youth unemployment at the national level in nigeria. Pdf causes, effects and solutions to youth unemployment.
Pdf effects of youth unemployment on socioeconomic. Youth employment in developing countries october20r 3 summary youth employment and development a youth focus within the employment and development debate, including the post2015 agenda, is warranted for a number of key reasons. Nigeria youth unemployment rate 20142018 data 2019. For surajo and karim 3, the unemployment issue in nigeria is not only a problem for the youth but a stiff challenge to the sustainable growth and development of the nation. Sociopolitical implications of youth unemployment on. Aligning youth employment interventions with the plan of action for the au decade of youth empowerment and development, 20082019 18. According to the national bureau of statistics nbs, the rate of unemployment in nigeria stood at 23. On the average, youth unemployment rate in nigeria is. It will bring to light various factors contributing to unemployment thus providing probable instrument to policy makers. Higher education system and jobless graduates in tanzania. In nigeria, youth empowerment occurs in homes, at schools, through youth organizations, government policymaking, reality tv shows, and community organizing campaigns. From 2011 to 20 there is an increase of 16% unemployment growth. In 2019, the estimated youth unemployment rate in nigeria was at almost 20 percent.
Sociopolitical implications of youth unemployment on nigerias economic development doi. Youth in nigeria includes citizens of the federal republic of nigeria aged 1829 years. Denting youth unemployment through agriculture africa. According to the source, the data are estimates from the international labour organization, an agency of the. Federal bureau of statistics, nigeria has a youth population of 80 million, representing 60% of the total population of the country. In the study of unemployment in nigeria, adebayo 1999, alanana 2003, echebiri 2005, ayinde 2008, morphy 2008 and awogbenle and iwuamadi 2010 have identified the main causes of youth unemployment in nigeria. Variance in chronologies are used in defining youth and are addressed by members of the state in accordance to their particular society. Tvet for youths employment and national security in nigeria. Early work experience affects work and wellbeing throughout a person.
Subsaharan africas youth population is increasing rapidly, with the 15 to 24yearold age group at 200 million, a figure that is expected to double by 2045, according to population experts. Youth unemployment rate in nigeria decreased to 36. Unemployment, youth total % of total labor force ages 1524 modeled ilo estimate from the world bank. Also, the findings revealed that unemployment in nigeria increased from 21. According to the source, the data are ilo estimates. Box 1 the national open apprenticeship scheme in nigeria in 1987, the government of river state in nigeria launched an innovative programme dubbed the national open apprenticeship scheme noas as an attempt to link education and training with the workplace. In nigeria, widespread unemployment has constrained the efforts of the youth to contribute meaningfully to national development. Ilo, 2017 isbn 9789221080 print isbn 9789221097 web pdf international labour office youth employment youth unemployment labour market analysis labour force participation employment policy. This africawide problem is also reflected in nigeria. Unemployment is a global social phenomenon and a concern for governance as high rate of unemployment in an economy retards rate of growth and national development. Feb 12, 2020 the statistic shows the youth unemployment rate in ghana from 1999 and 2019. The national youth policy 2009 described the history of youth policy in nigeria. Economic growth, youth unemployment, and political and. This is an assets approach to youth participation in development which appreci.
Youths unemployment, poverty, social unrest and insecurity are among the most pressing challenges presently. Our study is the first of its kind to investigate the dynamics. Remarks by the statistician general of the federation, dr yemi kale at the signing ceremony of a mou between the national bureau of statistics and the national social safety net coordinating office for the conduct of the national living standard survey. The international labour organization seeks to heighten awareness of the problems. In 2008, 15% of the nations work force was unemployed and in 2011 the figure rose to 20% lamido, 20. Unemployment convergence among the 36 states in nigeria. An examination of the causes of unemployment among youths in. They find a positive and statistically significant effect of unemployment on the incidence of poverty. This paper, therefore, axplorqh tht possible connections between youth unemployment and poimrty and national development in nigeria. Unemployment, youth total % of total labor force ages 15.
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